The First Fax Machines The "fax" in fax machine is short for facsimile, which means " a system of transmitting and reproducing graphic matter (such as printing or still pictures) by means of signals sent over telephone lines" ( Merriam-Webster ). So, a fax machine would be a machine that is capable of sending messages or images over telephone lines. How does something like this even start? On May 27, 1843, Alexander Bain achieved a patent that was for "improvements in producing and regulating electric currents and improvements in timepieces, and in electric printing, and signal telegraphs" ( FaxAuthority ). So this wasn't exactly the fax machine, but he was the first to be able to transmit images across a wire. However, Frederick Bakewell took Bain's design and created a telegraph that could transmit images to one another. This was not commercially available, but it was a good first step to move towards that. ( FaxAuthority ). Giovanni Ca...